Picamilon

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Introduction

Picamilon is a synthetic compound formed by linking gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with nicotinic acid (niacin). It appears as a white to off-white crystalline solid and is primarily used in research for its potential nootropic, anxiolytic, and vasodilatory effects. Picamilon is unique in that it crosses the blood-brain barrier, where it is enzymatically hydrolyzed into GABA and niacin, allowing the central nervous system to benefit from these combined effects. Developed in Russia, Picamilon is studied for its effects on cerebral blood flow, anxiety reduction, neuroprotection, and cognitive enhancement.

Chemical Properties and Specifications

Structural and Molecular Characteristics

• Chemical Formula: C10H12N2O3C10H12N2O3

• Molecular Weight: 208.21 g/mol

• CAS Number: 34562-97-5

• IUPAC Name: 4-(pyridine-3-carbonylamino)butanoic acid

• Synonyms: Nicotinoyl-GABA, Pikamilon, Pikamiline, Nicotinyl-GABA, GABA-NG

Physical Properties and Purity Standards

• Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder

• Purity: Typically ≥98% pure for research-grade

• Solubility: Slightly soluble in DMSO (with heating), slightly soluble in methanol; solubility in water moderate

• Storage Recommendations: Store in a cool, dry place under inert atmosphere at room temperature

Pharmacological Profile and Mechanism of Action

Proposed Mechanism of Action

Picamilon crosses the blood-brain barrier and is hydrolyzed into GABA and niacin within the brain. GABA acts as the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter, promoting anxiolytic and calming effects. Niacin acts as a vasodilator, improving cerebral blood flow and oxygenation. Together, they potentially improve cognitive function, reduce anxiety, and support neuroprotection via enhanced vascular regulation and neurotransmission.

Research Applications

Used in neuroscience and pharmacological research on anxiety, cognitive function, neurovascular health, and recovery from brain injuries. Picamilon is also studied for its neuroprotective and antioxidant potential, as well as its role in improving cerebral circulation.

Comparative Analysis with Related Compounds

Compare to Related Compounds

Compared to GABA or niacin alone, Picamilon’s ability to cross the blood-brain barrier provides advantage in brain targeting. It differs from other nootropics by combining neurotransmitter and vasodilator actions in one molecule. Picamilon is studied as an alternative to direct GABA administration, which cannot penetrate the CNS efficiently.

Advantages for Research

Picamilon’s dual-release mechanism and CNS accessibility make it a preferred compound for studying combined neurochemical and vascular effects. It provides a model for multi-target therapeutic approaches in neuropsychiatric and cerebrovascular disorders.

Safety and Handling Guidelines

Laboratory Safety

Handle with gloves, lab coat, and eye protection. Work in well-ventilated areas and avoid inhalation or ingestion. Standard lab chemical safety protocols apply.

Disposal and Environmental Considerations

Dispose of waste in accordance with institutional hazardous chemical regulations. Avoid environmental contamination.

Regulatory Status

Picamilon is not FDA-approved in the US but remains available for research use in several countries. Regulatory controls vary globally.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is Picamilon used for in research?
   Studies on anxiety, cerebral blood flow, cognitive enhancement, and neuroprotection.

2. How does Picamilon cross the blood-brain barrier?
   Through enzymatic linkage of nicotinic acid and GABA, it penetrates and releases active components in the brain.

3. What are the main active components released?
   GABA (neurotransmitter) and niacin (vasodilator).

4. How should Picamilon be stored?
   In a cool, dry place under inert atmosphere at room temperature.

5. Is Picamilon safe for lab handling?
   Yes, with standard personal protective equipment and handling protocols.

Conclusion

Picamilon is a unique CNS-penetrant compound that combines the effects of GABA and niacin, making it a valuable research tool in neuropharmacology and cerebral vascular studies. Its combined neurochemical and vascular actions support its broad research utility under regulated conditions.