Escaline Fumarate Product Description

Introduction

Escaline fumarate is the fumaric acid salt form of Escaline, a synthetic psychedelic phenethylamine and a structural analogue of mescaline. Escaline itself is known chemically as 4-ethoxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine and displays psychedelic properties typical of the phenethylamine class. The fumarate salt form enhances the compound’s stability, solubility, and handling properties, making it suitable for research purposes. Escaline fumarate usually presents as a white to off-white crystalline powder utilized exclusively in controlled laboratory research to study hallucinogenic mechanisms and receptor binding profiles.

Chemical Properties and Specifications

2.1 Structural and Molecular Characteristics

• Chemical Formula: C14H21NO5 (base); combined with fumarate anion for salt form

• Molecular Weight: Base approx. 275.32 g/mol; salt varies with stoichiometry

• CAS Number: Not specifically assigned for fumarate salt; Escaline base CAS 3166-82-3

• IUPAC Name: 2-(4-ethoxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanamine (base form)

• Synonyms: Escaline fumarate; 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethoxy-phenethylamine fumarate

2.2 Physical Properties and Purity Standards

• Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder

• Purity: Typically ≥97% in research-grade materials

• Solubility: Soluble in water and polar organic solvents due to fumarate salt; enhanced over free base form

• Storage Recommendations: Store in airtight containers in a cool, dry, and dark environment to maintain chemical stability

Pharmacological Profile and Mechanism of Action

3.1 Proposed Mechanism of Action

Escaline fumarate exerts its psychedelic effects primarily through agonism of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, modulating cortical and subcortical neural pathways associated with perception, cognition, and mood. The fumarate salt enhances the compound’s solubility and bioavailability but does not alter its pharmacodynamic profile.

3.2 Research Applications

Escaline fumarate is used in experimental psychopharmacology to study hallucinogenic activity, receptor binding profiles, and the structure-activity relationships of phenethylamine psychedelics. Its stability and solubility as a fumarate salt facilitate formulation for in vitro receptor assays and in vivo pharmacological investigations.

Comparative Analysis with Related Compounds

4.1 Comparison with Related Compounds

Escaline is chemically related to mescaline and other psychedelic phenethylamines such as proscaline and 3C-E. Compared to the free base, the fumarate salt improves physical handling and aqueous solubility. Escaline’s effects are generally considered more potent than mescaline, with similar serotonergic mechanisms but differing in pharmacokinetics and receptor affinity.

4.2 Advantages for Research

Fumarate salt form enables better dosing accuracy and chemical stability essential for reproducible research outcomes. Escaline’s unique substitution pattern provides researchers with a valuable tool for exploring phenethylamine psychedelic pharmacology.

Safety and Handling Guidelines

5.1 Laboratory Safety

Use appropriate personal protective equipment including gloves, lab coat, and eye protection. Avoid inhalation and contact with skin or eyes. Handle in well-ventilated laboratory environments.

5.2 Disposal and Environmental Considerations

Dispose of unused materials and waste according to institutional hazardous chemical disposal protocols. Prevent environmental contamination.

5.3 Regulatory Status

Escaline fumarate is a research-only chemical not approved for human consumption or therapeutic use. Regulatory control varies by jurisdiction. Users must follow applicable legal and institutional guidelines.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the chemical formula of Escaline?
   C14H21NO5 (base form).

2. Is Escaline fumarate soluble in water?
   Yes, fumarate salt improves solubility in water and polar solvents.

3. What receptors does Escaline primarily act on?
   Serotonin 5-HT2A receptors.

4. How does Escaline compare to mescaline?
   Escaline is generally more potent with a similar psychedelic profile.

5. What research applications does Escaline fumarate have?
   Studies on serotonin receptor binding, hallucinogenic pharmacology, and phenethylamine SAR.

Conclusion

Escaline fumarate is a stable, water-soluble fumarate salt of a potent psychedelic phenethylamine. It provides enhanced formulation properties suitable for research into hallucinogenic mechanisms and serotonergic receptor pharmacology, making it an essential tool in psychopharmacological studies.