Dihexa Product Description

Introduction

Dihexa is a synthetic small molecule peptide analog known for its unique chemical structure that facilitates interaction with specific cellular receptors. It typically appears as a white to off-white solid and is primarily utilized in research settings to study its biological and pharmacological effects. Dihexa is notable for its peptide-like characteristics and its application in neurological and cognitive function research. It is available in pure powder form and suitable for experimental use under controlled laboratory conditions.

Chemical Properties and Specifications

2.1 Structural and Molecular Characteristics

• Chemical Formula: C27H44N4O5

• Molecular Weight: 504.66 g/mol

• CAS Number: 1401708-83-5

• IUPAC Name: N-hexanoyl-L-tyrosyl-L-isoleucyl-(6-aminohexanoyl)amide

• Synonyms: PNB-0408, Hexanoyl-Tyr-Ile-Ahx-NH2, N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide, Dihexa (PNB-0408)

2.2 Physical Properties and Purity Standards

• Appearance: White to off-white solid

• Purity: Typically ≥97% by RP-HPLC analysis for research grade

• Solubility: Slightly soluble in DMSO and methanol; lyophilized peptide often reconstituted in sterile water or buffer for experiments

• Storage Recommendations: Store as hygroscopic solid in a refrigerator under inert atmosphere; recommended to avoid freeze-thaw cycles; lyophilized powder stable at room temperature for short periods but long-term storage at -18°C or below is advised

Pharmacological Profile and Mechanism of Action

3.1 Proposed Mechanism of Action

Dihexa is designed to act as a high-affinity ligand and analog of angiotensin IV that specifically binds to and activates the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met). This activation triggers intracellular signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT cascade, which promotes cell survival, neurogenesis, and synaptic connectivity enhancement. The compound’s action facilitates cellular processes linked to neuroprotection, cognitive enhancement, and tissue regeneration, making it of high interest in neurodegenerative disease research.

3.2 Research Applications

Dihexa is widely employed in experimental neuroscience to study memory, learning, and neuroprotection. It is investigated for its potential role in Alzheimer’s disease models and other neurodegenerative conditions, where it may help prevent neuronal cell death and improve synaptic function. Research also explores its therapeutic potential in sensory hair cell protection against ototoxic drugs. Dihexa serves as a tool compound in biochemical assays investigating hepatocyte growth factor mimicry and receptor activation.

Comparative Analysis with Related Compounds

4.1 Comparison with Related Compounds

Dihexa stands out among angiotensin IV analogs for its high potency and stable activation of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor. Compared to native hepatocyte growth factor and other small molecule analogs, Dihexa offers enhanced bioavailability and receptor specificity. It differs from classical neurotrophic peptides by its chemically optimized stability and improved blood-brain barrier penetration.

4.2 Advantages for Research

Dihexa’s synthetic nature allows precise dosing and reproducibility in laboratory studies. Its prolonged half-life and ability to mimic natural growth factor activity provide advantages in long-term and mechanistic studies over peptide hormones that degrade rapidly. The compound’s capacity to stimulate multiple intracellular pathways simultaneously offers broad applications in neuropharmacology and regenerative medicine research.

Safety and Handling Guidelines

5.1 Laboratory Safety

Use personal protective equipment including lab coat, gloves, and eye protection when handling Dihexa powder. Handle in a well-ventilated area or fume hood to avoid inhalation. Follow standard peptide handling protocols to avoid contamination and degradation.

5.2 Disposal and Environmental Considerations

Dispose of unused Dihexa and waste according to local regulations for laboratory peptides and chemicals. Avoid release into the environment. Use designated chemical waste containers.

5.3 Regulatory Status

Dihexa is a research chemical and is not approved for human therapeutic use. It should be handled according to institutional regulations for experimental substances. Researchers must understand and comply with relevant laws regarding its procurement, use, and disposal.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the molecular weight of Dihexa?
   The molecular weight is approximately 504.66 g/mol.

2. How is Dihexa typically stored?
   It should be stored as a lyophilized powder at -18°C and protected from moisture and light.

3. What is the main receptor target of Dihexa?
   Dihexa targets and activates the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met/HGFR).

4. Is Dihexa soluble in water?
   It is slightly soluble in organic solvents like DMSO and methanol; often reconstituted in sterile water for use.

5. What research areas involve Dihexa?
   Dihexa is studied mainly in neurodegenerative disease research, cognitive function, and neuroprotection.

Conclusion

Dihexa is a synthetic peptide analog with a specialized profile for activating the hepatocyte growth factor receptor, demonstrating promising research potential in neurodegenerative and cognitive function studies. With its stable chemical properties and specific mechanism of action, Dihexa is a valuable compound for advanced neuropharmacological research.